Middle East solar air conditioners are all bureaucracy

Are air conditioners necessary for residential sector in the MENA?

For all of the countries in the MENA, temperature level is in range of 0–4 and the moisture level is majorly A or B . These data reveal the necessity of utilization of air conditioner and cooling mediums for residential sector.

Is there a conflict of interest in district cooling in the Middle East?

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest for the manuscript entitled “ District Cooling in the Middle East & North Africa; History, Current Status, and Future Opportunities ”. This work was supported and funded by Kuwait University, research project No. (EM03/21). Data will be made available on request.

Should Jordan use district cooling & heating systems?

A substantial part of total energy consumption in Jordan belongs to building sector that necessitate making use of more efficient system in this sector . In term of thermal comfort, using district cooling and heating systems would be appropriate option for this country.

How often do people use air conditioners in Saudi Arabia?

It is indicated that about 73% of people in Saudi Arabia utilize air conditioner systems between 10 and 24 h a day in a year and majority of them leave the systems on non-stop mode from May to September in order to have thermal comfort in summer [, , ].